Subcutaneous glucose sensors can require calibration anywhere from not at all up to four times daily. Intravascular sensors are rarely used and confer a risk of bleeding and thrombosis and will not be covered in this article. A CGM sensor can be situated in the subcutaneous space to measure the glucose concentration in interstitial fluid (ISF) or in a blood vessel and measure the glucose concentration in blood. The device must be attached to the body in some way and it can be either a wearable device or an implanted device. Keywords: Blood glucose COVID-19 Diabetes mellitus Glucose Hospitals Intensive care units TechnologyĪ CGM is a device that measures the glucose concentration automatically around the clock. CGM technology is advancing and we expect that CGMs will be increasingly used in the hospital for patients with diabetes. Processes for collecting, reviewing, storing, and responding to CGM data must be established for such a program to be successful. A hospital CGM program requires cooperation of physicians, bedside nurses, diabetes educators, and hospital administrators to appropriately select and manage patients. Most of the research on CGMs in the hospital has focused on their accuracy and only recently outcomes data has been reported. CGMs can be used in the hospital to decrease the frequency of fingerstick point of care capillary blood glucose testing, decrease hyperglycemic episodes, and decrease hypoglycemic episodes. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is now exercising enforcement discretion and not objecting to certain factory-calibrated CGMs being used in a hospital setting, both to facilitate patient care and to obtain performance data that can be used for future regulatory submissions. The use of CGMs to automatically and remotely supplement or replace assisted monitoring of blood glucose by bedside nurses can decrease: the amount of necessary nursing exposure to COVID-19 patients with diabetes the amount of time required for obtaining blood glucose measurements, and the amount of personal protective equipment necessary for interacting with patients during the blood glucose testing. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated the use of new technologies and new processes to care for hospitalized patients, including diabetes patients. ![]() Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) have suddenly become part of routine care in many hospitals.
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